せっかくなので所有格について改めて復習してみました♪ 英語でいうPossesiveですね。実は調べました(笑)
* Webページについての正確性の検証は行っていません。どうか個人個人で注意しながら読んでいだければと思います。
まずは次のWebページですが、この図はとてもわかりやすいと思います。優秀、優秀。
Nouns - Possessive's - English Club
the boy's ball (one boy)the boys' ball (two or more boys)Notice that the number of balls does not matter. The structure is influenced by the possessor and not the possessed.
one ballmore than one ballone boy
the boy's ball
the boy's ballsmore than one boy
the boys' ball
the boys' ballsThe structure can be used for a whole phrase:
えっ、AP流にChicago流 !?次に下記リンクはとても面白いと思いました。
私も含めて、教科書的な所有格は『実践ロイヤル英文法』にあるように、次の作り方が基本となるでしょう。
(1) 単数名詞の所有格
a cat's tail
a baby's head
my wife's friends
(2) 複数名詞の所有格
ladies' shoes (婦人靴)
-sで終わらない語は、そのまま<'s>をつければよい。
a women's college (女子大学)
(3) -sで終わる固有名詞の所有格
Columbus's egg James' book
p.352
ただし、実際にはバリエーションがあって、上記のリンクの説明では、抜粋ですが次のようになっています。AP風とシカゴ風で違いがあるのも面白いですね♪
2. If a singular common noun ends in s, Chicago and AP handle apostrophes differently. For both styles, if a singular common noun ends in s, add ‘s
FOR AP STYLE: if the word following the singular common noun ending in s begins with s, add an apostrophe only. (This includes words with s and sh sounds.)
The boss’s temper was legendary among his employees. (AP and Chicago)The boss‘ sister was even meaner. (AP)The The boss‘s sister was even meaner. (Chicago)The witness’s version of the story has several inconsistencies. (AP and Chicago)The witness‘ story did not match the events recorded on tape. (AP)The witness’s story did not match the events recorded on tape. (Chicago)3. If a singular proper noun (a name) ends in s, Chicago and AP handle apostrophes differently.
In AP style, if a proper noun ends in s or an s sound, add an apostrophe only.
Chris‘ exam scores were higher than any other students.In Chicago style, if a proper nouns ends in s add ‘s.
Last year Kansas’s legislature passed a law.EXCEPTION #1 IN CHICAGO STYLE: If a name is two or more syllables and ends in an eez sound, use only an apostrophe.
The Ganges’ source is in the Himalayas.EXCEPTION #2 IN CHICAGO STYLE: If the s at the end of the name is not pronounced, use only an apostrophe.
Albert Camus’ novels are assigned in some classes.EXCEPTION #3 IN CHICAGO STYLE: In “For . . . sake” expressions omit the s (following the apostrophe) when the noun ends in an s or an s sound.
For goodness’ sake, apostrophe rules are confusing.